Eh, it's not as if we'll never see the moon again, right? It could also be that the lense you use is a little soft wide open (most are). Try that shot again at ISO 400, f8, and 1/160 or so and see what you get. I don't know how the 40d is with noise at higer ISO, but 400 should produce results you can clean up in post processing.
Telephoto work with slow glass, compounded even more with additional light loss through a teleconverter, is a tough challenge to master.
Another thing to consider is that the moon moves faster than we realize, and the "closer" we get to it with telephoto lenses, the more that motion is likely to impact image quality. 1/60 of a second (what you used) is pretty close to the absolute minimum shutter speed that's going to produce a sharp image even if the camera is tripod mounted.
I like the detail shown in your exposure. I made mine a little brighter to emphasize the "edge of the cliff" feeling. It's tough to decide what the best exposure is for something like the moon, but that's one of those great things about art...there's no one "right" answer.
Shot at ISO 400, f8, 1/60...same shutter speed as you used, but hand held (think I used the deck rail to help support if I recall correctly) with the 100-400 f4.5-5.6: