Because the gear box is not spinning. You can shift more easily with the engine off if you roll the bike as you try to shift. The same applies with most bikes and cars.
The transmission on bikes are constant mesh and need the primary gear to be spinning in order to engage the gears...if you have the bike on a rear stand you can rock the rear tire and change the gears.
lift a motorcycle (engine off) , like the busa, at the back so that the rear wheel is free and rotate it back and forth while moving the shifter.
then you can shift up and down again - but really only then.
the gearbox (the trans) itself is built "sequentially" , which is why you can engage 1st or 2nd gear when stationary, but you cannot shift up further,
when the engine is off or the rear wheel is stationary.
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